Glossary

	A B C D E F G H I J L M O P Q R S T V
A
	Anneal Final stage in manufacture of glass. Cooling process that gives glass its temper. Greatly influences the cuttability of glass.
	Antique Glass Mouth blown glass. Largest source is European glass manufacturers. Characteristics include overall brilliance, uneven thickness, light and fine swirling lines and a variable color density throughout each sheet. Sheet size tends to be small in comparison to machine rolled glass.
	Art Glass A mass-produced style of commercially produced windows. Designs tend to be ornamental objects set upon varying geometrically broken backgrounds.
B
	Beveled Glass Traditionally done on clear dimensional clear glass. The perimeter edge is ground through multiple stages of grinding and polishing. The result is a highly polished perimeter at an angle to the surface. The effect is a prismatic sparkle on transmission of light.
C
	Came Extruded, cast, milled or multi folded metal. Such metals as lead, zinc, copper or brass. This is done in various profiles on an H or U pattern. These are used to hold to hold the pieces of a stained glass window together.
	Canopy Element of design. A portion of the architectural segment, between columns. Would commonly be used to frame a figure or scene in the complete stained glass window.
	Cartoon The full sized drawing of a stained glass window or section thereof.
	Cathedral Glass Translucent glass used in the manufacture of stained and leaded glass windows.
	Confetti Glass A type of glass to which chips, stringers and granules of other colors have been added during the manufacturing process.
	Copper Foil Type of construction where a thin adhesive backed strip of copper is applied to the edge of a piece of glass. This strip is then soldered to each succeeding piece to form a stained glass object.
	Crackle Glass A type of glass where a pattern is induced on the surface by applying water to the glass during the annealing process.
	Crown Bullion A hand blown glass that is spun on the end of a blowpipe. The center is very thick and the surrounding surface has a concentric circular pattern.
D
	Dalle-De-Verre Usually one inch thick pieces of glass that are placed within an epoxy matrix to form a window. The edges of the glass are often chipped or faceted.
	Deflection The movement of a stained glass window out of its original design plane. An example would be a rippled effect along the surface of the window.
	Drapery Type of glass manufacture. Ridges and folds are formed in glass to resemble the draping effect of clothing or material. Used extensively by Tiffany and some other designers of fine leaded glass.
	Dutchman A flange of lead came used to cover a crack or broken piece within a window.
	Dyes A coloring agent used to tint filler materials such as glues and silicones.
E
	Enamels Colors applied to glass surfaces. They will run from transparent to opaque. These paints are fired into the surface of the glass between 1,100 to 1,350 degrees F.
	Epoxy Two part chemical composition (Catalyst and resin). They may be clear or colored. One form is used in the production of Dalle-De-Verre panels. Another type is used in the adhesion of broken glass during restoration.
	Etching Acid and abrasive methods are used. A process that alters the surface of the glass. Used in conjunction with flashed or layered colors on a single sheet of glass. Acid eats the surface of glass away to reveal the color below. Abrasive etching uses pressurized media to abrade the surface of glass away. Often used to influence areas of shading within the figure section of a window.
F
	Favril Glass A type of glass patented by Tiffany in the early 1880”s. It produces an iridescent quality on the surface of the glass. It is made by exposing the glass to metal fumes during manufacture.
	Fillet A uniform border around the perimeter of a window. Designed to be broken out of the window to facilitate the windows removal. The most common instance is in a stone window setting.
	Firing To heat glass in a kiln. The most common reason is in fusing the paint to the surface of the glass. An additional area may be to fuse different pieces of glass together or to facilitate the bending of a piece of glass to a specific shape.
	Flange The lip of lead that covers the glass surface.
	Flashed Glass A type of glass where a layer of color is fused to the surface of another piece of glass. The base glass is usually clear but can be another color.
	Flat stress bars A flat piece of galvanized or pre tinned steel. They are soldered to the surface of the lead channel to provide resistance to deflection. They are generally 1/8” in thickness and are edge soldered to provide maximum support.
	Flattening The process of returning a deflected panel to its original flat plane. May require heat and pressure sufficient to change but not break or damage the glass.
G
	Glass A base silica mixture. Color is induced through the addition of metal oxides or other artificial agents to the silica mixture under high heat.
	Glazing To assemble a leaded glass window (also foil type windows).
	Grisaille Window of ornamental geometric designs of a repetitive nature. Painted on a clear or light colored glass in a brown or black tracing color. The repetitive pattern was achieved through the use of a template cut into a thin sheet of copper. This template was then adhered to the surface of each piece of glass and paint applied.
	Grout Cement like product that is scrubbed between the glass and cames of a stained glass window. It makes the window weather tight, imparts a patina to the metal and provides a structural stiffness to the panel.
H
	Heart The cross section of lead channel. It holds the two flanges together and represents the height or thickness of the glass the came will accept.
I
	Isothermal Protective Glazing A protective glazing system that ensures that the inner space and the leaded surface will have the same temperature and humidity levels.
J
	Jewels Glass generally pressed into shapes while molten. Can have multiple faceted sides. They also can be faceted after forming through repeated machine grinding. They are used as a decorative addition to many designs.
L
	Lancet Single or multiple openings within an overall framed opening.
	Lead came A channel commonly used to assemble a stained glass window with individual pieces of glass. It comes in an H or U style with multiple profiles. It can also be of varying height to accommodate several layers of glass.
	Lead line A term used in the design of leaded windows. It represents the placement of the lead came within the design.
	Light A single section or element of a commonly framed window.
M
	Matte paint A vitreous paint applied to the surface of glass to augment the shading of the color. This is usually done by removing some of the paint after it has dried. This may be done with various brushes or other found items to impart a particular texture.
	Medallion Circular or definite shaped panel or portion of a window. It is generally a focal point of the design. Often contains figures, scenes or symbols.
	Muff Glass Cylindrical glass shape that is mouth blown. It is slit down the length and opened on a hot table to form a sheet of glass.
	Mullion Term used in the construction of a frame. It represents the vertical sections of the frame.
	Muntin It represents the horizontal members of a frame.
O
	Oculus Circular window with no tracery.
	Opalescent Glass Glass typical of American glass studios in the late 1800’s and early 1900’s. A milky white base glass into which single or multiple colors were mixed in a variegated manner. It was developed by LaFarge with help in the late development by Tiffany.
P
	Panel A complete unit glass leaded into a continuous section. Can be of various shapes.
	Patina A coloration of the surface. Either a chemical or natural process. Generally associated with the oxidation process on a metal surface. Such as the green patina associated with copper.
	Pits Holes that occur on the surface of metal cames and frames. Generally the result of corrosion.
	Plating The layering of one or more pieces of glass in a single panel of stained glass. Used to achieve various effects in the design. Often used by Tiffany and La Farge.
Q
	Quarry Square or diamond shaped piece. Often used in Grisaille style windows.
R
	Reamy Glass Mouth blown glass with bubbles and moderate to heavy striations formed in the blowing process.
	Ripple Glass Machined rolled glass, the texture is caused by a pattern on the roller.
	Rose Window Circular window with radiating tracery in the form of flower petals.
S
	Saddle Method of attaching or stacking individual sections of a stained glass window. The open end of an H channel fits over the closed end of another channel. This line would then be attached to a stress rod or bar.
	Semi-Antique Glass Machine made glass made to look like antique glass.
	Silver Stain A glass stain made from silver nitrate. When fired onto the surface of glass it produces a yellow to orange color. Used extensively in European windows and many ecclesiastical panels throughout the world. It first came into use in the 14th century.
	Solder A combination of tin and lead. It is heated onto the joints of lead channel to hold the matrix together. It comes in various mixtures, which have varying melting points and strengths.
	Stenciling A method of applying paint to glass. (Dalle-De-Verre) Popular in 19th century. An inexpensive method to decorate large amounts of ecclesiastic glass.
	Stipple A method of removing unfired glass paint with the end of the bristles on a paintbrush. Commonly used in applying background textures.
	Stopgap Temporary repair of a broken leaded window.
	Structural Fins Thin strip of metal, usually brass or copper, that is tinned on all sides, shaped to conform to the lead line and soldered along its entire edge.
	Structural plates Pieces of glass designed, cut and applied to a window to provide more resistance to deflection in a leaded window.
T
	Tie Wires Metal wires soldered onto the lead matrix at prescribed intervals. They are twisted around metal rods imbedded into the frame at the same point as the wires are placed on the window. They provide additional support and resistance to deflection.
	Tracing lines A line painted on glass to outline figures or portions of same. They are solid and vary in thickness depending on the artistic requirements.
V
	Vitreous Paint A mixture of ground glass and metal oxides in a fine textured powder. They are mixed in a liquid medium such as water, oil or alcohol.